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Roadmap

AI / Machine Learning Engineer

Becoming a AI / Machine Learning Engineer means building the skills below in roughly this order. The current median pay for AI / Machine Learning Engineer roles on Kairos is $256,750 (36 disclosed listings). 31 of these skills appear in live AI / Machine Learning Engineer listings right now.

Demand and pay updated 30 min ago.

01

Programming & math foundations

0-3 months
  1. In demand · 27%
    Core

    The lingua franca of ML. Get fluent with the standard library, typing, and virtual environments before touching frameworks.

  2. In demand · 0.6%
    Core

    Array math and dataframes - the workhorses for loading, cleaning, and reshaping data.

  3. Core

    Vectors, matrices, gradients, and distributions. Enough to reason about how models learn, not a pure-math degree.

  4. In demand · 6.9%
    Recommended

    Most training data starts in a warehouse. Comfortable joins and aggregations are non-negotiable.

02

Core machine learning

3-6 months
  1. In demand · 24%
    Core

    Regression, classification, clustering, train/validation/test splits, over- and under-fitting, and evaluation metrics.

  2. In demand · 0.3%
    Core

    The standard toolkit for classical ML: pipelines, feature engineering, and model selection.

  3. In demand · 4.9%
    Recommended

    Framing a problem, exploratory analysis, and honest evaluation - the difference between a demo and a result.

03

Deep learning

6-9 months
  1. In demand · 6.1%
    Core

    Backpropagation, CNNs, RNNs, and the transformer architecture that underpins modern AI.

  2. In demand · 5.2%
    Core

    A deep-learning framework end to end - datasets, training loops, and GPU acceleration.

  3. In demand · 1.3%
    Recommended

    Load, fine-tune, and evaluate pretrained models with the Transformers ecosystem.

04

Modern LLM / GenAI stack

9-12 months
  1. In demand · 16%
    Core

    How large language models work, context windows, and prompt engineering for reliable outputs.

  2. In demand · 2.2%
    Recommended

    Ground models in your own data with embeddings, a vector store, and retrieval-augmented generation.

  3. In demand · 19%
    Optional

    Tool use and multi-step agents with frameworks like LangChain / LangGraph.

  4. In demand · 3.2%
    Optional

    Adapt a base model to a task with full or parameter-efficient fine-tuning (LoRA/QLoRA).

05

Production & MLOps

Ongoing
  1. In demand · 1.3%
    Core

    Experiment tracking, model registries, deployment, monitoring, and retraining - shipping models, not notebooks.

  2. In demand · 12%
    Core

    Package and serve models on AWS/GCP with Docker and Kubernetes.

  3. In demand · 1.0%
    Recommended

    Low-latency, cost-aware inference - APIs, batching, and (for LLMs) tools like vLLM.

Grounded in

Questions

How do I become a AI / Machine Learning Engineer?
Work through the roadmap in order: start with the Core foundations, then layer on the Recommended and Optional skills. The path to building and shipping machine-learning systems: programming and math foundations, core ML, deep learning, the modern LLM/GenAI stack, and the MLOps needed to run models in production.
Is this roadmap based on real sources?
Yes. It is grounded in DeepLearning.AI - Machine Learning Specialization, fast.ai - Practical Deep Learning for Coders, Google Machine Learning Crash Course, AWS Certified Machine Learning Engineer - Associate. Skill demand and pay are measured live from AI job listings on Kairos.